Healthcare resource utilization and costs among patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma treated with proteasome inhibitors in real-world clinical practice in Germany

Aims To assess the real-world healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs associated with different proteasome inhibitors (PIs) for treatment of patients relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in Germany.Methods We conducted a retrospective medical chart review patterns, outcomes, HRU RRMM treated bortezomib, carfilzomib, or ixazomib second- third-line (2L 3L) therapy Germany. Data were collected between 1 January 2017 30 June 2017. Costs calculated based on drug prices unit Germany.Results Physicians provided data 302 patients. Mean monthly total direct per patient receiving PI-based €7,925 €10,693 2L 3L, respectively, which approximately 90% was anti-myeloma costs. Overall, highest 3L therapy. Regardless line, higher who had received stem cell transplant (SCT) previous line than those not; suggest that this reflects use triplet regimens following SCT. Patients complete response (CR) experienced no unplanned hospitalizations during study period, whereas progressive disease number planned hospitalizations. In therapy, proportion CR observed carfilzomib (12% carfilzomib; 4% bortezomib; 0% ixazomib).Limitations missing incomplete follow-up included accounted using cost estimates.Conclusions Anti-myeloma drugs main contributor to Improved lower reduced